10.4. Creando espejos YUM con reposync
reposync se utiliza para sincronizar un repositorio remoto YUM con un directorio local utilizando yum para recuperar los paquetes.
Uso:
reposync [options]
Opciones:
Options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-c CONFIG, --config=CONFIG
config file to use (defaults to /etc/yum.conf)
-a ARCH, --arch=ARCH act as if running the specified arch (default: current
arch, note: does not override $releasever)
-r REPOID, --repoid=REPOID
specify repo ids to query, can be specified multiple
times (default is all enabled)
-e CACHEDIR, --cachedir=CACHEDIR
directory in which to store metadata
-t, --tempcache Use a temp dir for storing/accessing yum-cache
-d, --delete delete local packages no longer present in repository
-p DESTDIR, --download_path=DESTDIR
Path to download packages to: defaults to current dir
-g, --gpgcheck Remove packages that fail GPG signature checking after
downloading
-u, --urls Just list urls of what would be downloaded, don't
download
-n, --newest-only Download only newest packages per-repo
-q, --quiet Output as little as possible
-l, --plugins enable yum plugin support
A partir del directorio local con los rpms, es trivial reconstruir los metadatos con createrepo.
Ejemplo de uso para sincronizar con el repositorio ejemplo rubyera.
$ reposync --repoid=rubyera
rubyera | 3.2 kB 00:00 ...
[rubyera: 1 of 14 ] Downloading dhcp_probe-1.3.0-2.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 2 of 14 ] Downloading dhcp_probe-1.3.0-4.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 3 of 14 ] Downloading dhcp_probe-1.3.0-3.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 4 of 14 ] Downloading dhcp_probe-debuginfo-1.3.0-2.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 5 of 14 ] Downloading dhcp_probe-debuginfo-1.3.0-4.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 6 of 14 ] Downloading dhcp_probe-debuginfo-1.3.0-3.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 7 of 14 ] Downloading dhcp_probe-debuginfo-1.3.0-1.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 8 of 14 ] Downloading iptables-1.4.5-1.fc12.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 9 of 14 ] Downloading iptables-debuginfo-1.4.5-1.fc12.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 10 of 14 ] Downloading iptables-devel-1.4.5-1.fc12.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 11 of 14 ] Downloading iptables-ipv6-1.4.5-1.fc12.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 12 of 14 ] Downloading passenger-2.2.15-1.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 13 of 14 ] Downloading passenger-debuginfo-2.2.15-1.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 14 of 14 ] Downloading rubygem-pg-0.9.0-1.fc13.x86_64.rpm
Si se intenta nuevamente sincronizar, reposync no volverá a descargar los paquetes existentes ahorrando ancho de banda.
$ reposync --repoid=rubyera
[rubyera: 1 of 14 ] Skipping existing dhcp_probe-1.3.0-2.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 2 of 14 ] Skipping existing dhcp_probe-1.3.0-4.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 3 of 14 ] Skipping existing dhcp_probe-1.3.0-3.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 4 of 14 ] Skipping existing dhcp_probe-debuginfo-1.3.0-2.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 5 of 14 ] Skipping existing dhcp_probe-debuginfo-1.3.0-4.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 6 of 14 ] Skipping existing dhcp_probe-debuginfo-1.3.0-3.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 7 of 14 ] Skipping existing dhcp_probe-debuginfo-1.3.0-1.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 8 of 14 ] Skipping existing iptables-1.4.5-1.fc12.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 9 of 14 ] Skipping existing iptables-debuginfo-1.4.5-1.fc12.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 10 of 14 ] Skipping existing iptables-devel-1.4.5-1.fc12.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 11 of 14 ] Skipping existing iptables-ipv6-1.4.5-1.fc12.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 12 of 14 ] Skipping existing passenger-2.2.15-1.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 13 of 14 ] Skipping existing passenger-debuginfo-2.2.15-1.fc13.x86_64.rpm
[rubyera: 14 of 14 ] Skipping existing rubygem-pg-0.9.0-1.fc13.x86_64.rpm
Un ejemplo de uso es crear un espejo local del repositorio fedora y otro del repositorio updates y usar dichos repositorios localmente. De esta forma sería sumamente rápido instalar y actualizar paquetes. Lo importante es mantener sincronizado regularmente el repositorio espejo local con el repositorio maestro correspondiente llamando por ejemplo cada hora a reposync y a createrepo. Es importante notar que el archivo de grupos no es descargado por reposync. Use wget o curl para descargarlo.
Una de las ventajas de usar reposync en vez de por ejemplo espejado con rsync, ftp o http, es que reposync al trabajar con yum se beneficia del listado de espejos existentes en la definición del repositorio que se quiere espejar. A cambio, cuando se usa rsync,ftp o http, se depende de un servidor maestro único, que si falla, es más difícil recuperarse de dicha falla y manejarla, con reposync es totalmente transparente y simple de hacer.
